Browse Definitions by Alphabet

COS - CUS

cost price - A cost price includes all outlays that are required for production, including property costs, materials, power, research and development, testing, worker wages and anything else that must be paid for.
cost-benefit analysis (CBA) - Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is an analytical tool for assessing and the pros and cons of moving forward with a business proposal.
cost-benefit analysis software - Cost-benefit analysis software is a computer program or suite that assists personnel in the complex task of determining whether or not a proposed plan or project will pay off.
COTS, MOTS, GOTS, and NOTS - COTS, MOTS, GOTS, and NOTS are abbreviations that describe pre-packaged software or hardware purchase alternatives.
CouchDB - CouchDB is an open source document-oriented database based on common web standards.
coulomb - The coulomb (symbolized C) is the standard unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI).
coulomb per centimeter squared - The coulomb per centimeter squared (symbolized C/cm 2) is a unit of electric flux density.
Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol (CCMP) - Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol (CCMP) is an encryption protocol based on the U.
counterfeit app (fake app) - A counterfeit app is an app that claims to fill a purpose while actually being fake, ineffective, useless or even harmful to a user's device.
counterintelligence - Counterintelligence (CI) is the information gathered and actions taken to identify and protect against an adversary’s knowledge collection activities or attempts to cause harm through sabotage or other actions.
countermeasure - A countermeasure is an action, process, device, or system that can prevent, or mitigate the effects of, threats to a computer, server or network.
coupling - Coupling is the act of joining two things together.
courseware - Courseware is educational material intended as kits for teachers or trainers or as tutorials for students, usually packaged for use with a computer.
COVID-19 Glossary for Employers and HR Managers - We will be updating this pandemic glossary frequently over the next few weeks to help you use consistent vocabulary in your crisis communication emails, newsletters, phone scripts and telecommuter updates.
cow power (biogas) - Cow power is a term for the conversion of manure to usable energy.
cowboy coding - Cowboy coding describes an undisciplined approach to software development.
coworking - Coworking is a business services provision model that involves individuals working independently or collaboratively in shared office space.
CPE credit - Continuing professional education, or CPE, credit is a term referring to the points professionals receive for participating in specialized training in IT and other fields.
CPE device - A CPE device is telecommunications hardware located at the home or business of a customer.
CPI - For a given font, cpi (characters per inch) is the number of typographic character that will fit on each inch of a printed line.
CPQ software (configure price quote software) - CPQ (configure, price, quote) is programming that helps sales representatives and self-service customers quickly generate accurate quotes for configurable products and services.
CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) - CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) is a specification for wireless communication networks in the interface between radio equipment and radio equipment control.
CQRS (command query responsibility segregation) - Command query responsibility segregation (CQRS) is a programming design pattern that treats retrieving data and changing data differently.
Craftsman Costs Books - The Craftsman Costs Books are a series published by the Craftsman Book Company, a publishing company focusing on the construction industry and estimating software.
CRAM (challenge-response authentication mechanism) - CRAM (challenge-response authentication mechanism) is the two-level scheme for authenticating network users that is used as part of the Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
CrashPlan - Code42 Software's CrashPlan data protection software comes in home, small business and enterprise versions.
crawl depth - Crawl depth is the extent to which a search engine indexes pages within a website.
crawler - A crawler is a program that visits Web sites and reads their pages and other information in order to create entries for a search engine index.
CRC-4 (Cyclic Redundancy Check 4) - CRC-4 (Cyclic Redundancy Check 4) is a form of cyclic redundancy checking -- a method of checking for errors in transmitted data -- that is used on E1 trunk lines.
Creative Commons - Creative Commons is a nonprofit organization that offers copyright licenses for digital work.
creative destruction - Creative destruction is a process through which something new brings about the demise of whatever existed before it.
credential stuffing - Credential stuffing is the practice of using stolen login information from one account to gain access to accounts on a number of sites through automated login.
crisis communication - Crisis communication is a method of corresponding with people and organizations during a disruptive event to provide them with the information they need to respond to the situation.
crisis management - Crisis management is the application of strategies designed to help an organization deal with a sudden and significant negative event.
crisis management plan (CMP) - A crisis management plan (CMP) outlines how to respond to a critical situation that would negatively affect an organization's profitability, reputation or ability to operate.
critical infrastructure - Critical infrastructure is the body of systems, networks and assets that are so essential that their continued operation is required to ensure the security of a given nation, its economy, and the public’s health and/or safety.
critical infrastructure and key resources (CIKR) - Critical infrastructure and key resources (CIKR) is the collective of natural and man-made resources, along with the systems for their processing and delivery, upon which a nation depends on for functioning.
critical infrastructure security - Critical infrastructure security is the area of concern surrounding the protection of systems, networks and assets whose continuous operation is deemed necessary to ensure the security of a given nation, its economy, and the public’s health and/or safety.
critical path method (CPM) - The CPM was developed in the 1950s by DuPont, and was first used in missile-defense construction projects.
critical success factors - Critical success factors are a limited number of key variables or conditions that have a tremendous impact on how successfully and effectively an organization meets its mission or the strategic goals or objectives of a program or project.
critical thinking - Critical thinking is the capacity to be objective, rational and analytical about subjects, situations and cognitive problems.
CRM (customer relationship management) - Customer relationship management (CRM) is the combination of practices, strategies and technologies that companies use to manage and analyze customer interactions and data throughout the customer lifecycle.
CRM analytics - CRM (customer relationship management) analytics comprises all programming that analyzes data about customers and presents it to help facilitate and streamline better business decisions.
CRON script - A CRON script is a list of one or more commands to a computer operating system or application server that are to be executed at a specified time.
crontab - crontab is a UNIX command that creates a table or list of commands, each of which is to be executed by the operating system at a specified time.
crop insurance - Crop insurance is a type of protection policy that covers agricultural producers against unexpected loss of projected crop yields or profits from produce sales at market.
cross-bar switch - In a network, a cross-bar switch is a device that is capable of channeling data between any two devices that are attached to it up to its maximum number of ports.
cross-browser testing - Cross-browser testing, also called browser testing, is a quality assurance (QA) process that checks whether a web-based application, site or page functions as intended for end users across multiple browsers and devices.
cross-channel analytics - Cross-channel analytics is a strategy used by marketing professionals to study the methods by which customers are influenced to buy a product or service, especially when those methods are combined.
cross-docking - Cross-docking is the practice of unloading goods from inbound delivery vehicles and loading them directly onto outbound vehicles.
cross-functional team - A cross-functional team is a workgroup made up of employees from different functional areas within an organization who collaborate to reach a stated objective.
cross-media ownership - Media cross-ownership is a situation in which a single corporate entity owns multiple types of media companies.
cross-platform mobile development - Cross-platform mobile development is the creation of software applications that are compatible with multiple mobile operating systems.
cross-site request forgery (XSRF or CSRF) - Cross-site request forgery (XSRF or CSRF) is a method of attacking a Web site in which an intruder masquerades as a legitimate and trusted user.
cross-site scripting (XSS) - Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of injection attack in which a threat actor inserts data, such as a malicious script, into content from otherwise trusted websites.
cross-site tracing (XST) - Cross-site tracing (XST) is a sophisticated form of cross-site scripting (XSS) that can bypass security countermeasures already put in place to protect against XSS.
crossfade - In digital audio production, a crossfade is editing that makes a smooth transition between two audio files.
crosstalk - Crosstalk is a disturbance caused by the electric or magnetic fields of one telecommunication signal affecting a signal in an adjacent circuit.
crowdfunding - Crowdfunding is a financing method that involves soliciting relatively modest contributions from a group of individuals.
crowdsourcing - Crowdsourcing is the practice of turning to a body of people to obtain needed knowledge, goods or services.
CRUD cycle (Create, Read, Update and Delete Cycle) - The CRUD cycle describes the elemental functions of a persistent database in a computer.
cruft - Cruft is the elements of a program, system or product that are either useless, poorly designed or both.
CRUSH (Controlled Replication Under Scalable Hashing) - CRUSH (Controlled Replication Under Scalable Hashing) is a hash-based algorithm for calculating how and where to store and retrieve data in a distributed object –based storage cluster.
cryogenics - Cryogenics is the study of material sciences at extremely low temperatures.
cryptanalysis - Cryptanalysis is the study of ciphertext, ciphers and cryptosystems with the aim of understanding how they work and finding and improving techniques for defeating or weakening them.
crypto-agility - Crypto-agility, or cryptographic agility, is a data encryption practice used by organizations to ensure a rapid response to a cryptographic threat.
cryptocurrency - Cryptocurrency is a digital form of currency that uses cryptography to secure the processes involved in generating units, conducting transactions and verifying the exchange of currency ownership.
cryptogram - A cryptogram is a word puzzle featuring encrypted text that the user decrypts to reveal a message of some sort.
cryptographic checksum - Generated by a cryptographic algorithm, a cryptographic checksum is a mathematical value assigned to a file sent through a network for verifying that the data contained in that file is unchanged.
cryptographic nonce - A nonce is a random or semi-random number that is generated for a specific use.
cryptography - Cryptography is a method of protecting information and communications through the use of codes, so that only those for whom the information is intended can read and process it.
Cryptography quiz questions and answers: Test your smarts - Put your encryption knowledge to the test, and perhaps even learn a new word or concept in the process with these cryptography quiz questions.
cryptojacking - Cryptojacking is the surreptitious and unauthorized use of a computer for the resource and power-demanding requirements of cryptocurrency mining.
cryptology - Cryptology is the mathematics, such as number theory and the application of formulas and algorithms, that underpin cryptography and cryptanalysis.
cryptomining malware - Cryptomining malware is a form of malware that takes over a computer or mobile device's resources and uses them to perform cryptocurrency mining, a process of verifying cryptocurrency transactions using complex mathematical formulas also known as cryptojacking.
cryptosystem - A cryptosystem is a structure or scheme consisting of a set of algorithms that converts plaintext to ciphertext to encode or decode messages securely.
Crystal Reports - Crystal Reports is a popular Windows-based report writer solution that allows a developer to create reports and dashboards from a variety of data sources with a minimum of code to write.
CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) - CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) is a protocol for carrier transmission in 802.
CSO (Chief Security Officer) - A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is a C-suite executive responsible for a company's physical and digital security.
CSR (Certificate Signing Request) - A Certificate Signing Request or CSR is a specially formatted encrypted message sent from a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) digital certificate applicant to a certificate authority (CA) validating the information required by the CA in order for it to issue a certificate.
CSS (cascading style sheets) - This definition explains the meaning of cascading style sheets (CSS) and how using them with HTML pages is a user interface (UI) development best practice that complies with the separation of concerns design pattern.
CSSLP (certified secure software lifecycle professional) - The CSSLP (certified secure software lifecycle professional) is a certification for security professionals who wish to strengthen and demonstrate their knowledge about application security.
CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) - A CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) is a hardware device about the size of an external modem that converts a digital data frame from the communications technology used on a local area network (LAN) into a frame appropriate to a wide-area network (WAN) and vice versa.
CSV (Cluster Shared Volumes) - CSV (Cluster Shared Volumes) is a feature in Windows Server in which shared disks are concurrently accessible to all nodes within a failover cluster.
CT scan - A computerized tomography (CT scan) is a form of computer-assisted imaging, that is assembled from many xrays.
Ctrl-Alt-Delete - On a personal computer with the Microsoft Windows operating system, Control+Alt+Delete is the combination of the Ctrl key, the Alt key, and Del key that a user can press at the same time to terminate an application task or to reboot the operating system.
CubeSat - A CubeSat is a small, low-cost, cube-shaped research satellite.
cubic meter (meter cubed) - The cubic meter is the unit of volume in the International System of Units.
cultural fit - Cultural fit is the likelihood that a job candidate will be able to conform and adapt to the core values and collective behaviors that make up an organization.
culture hacking - Culture hacking is the gradual process of implementing numerous small, positive changes in an organization.
culture of failure (blameless culture) - A culture of failure is a set of shared values, goals and practices that encourages learning through experimentation.
cumulative trauma disorder (CTD) - In information technology, cumulative trauma disorder (CTD) refers to any of several physical problems that can result from improper or excessive use of a computer display or terminal.
curation - Curation is a field of endeavor involved with assembling, managing and presenting some type of collection.
curiosity artificial intelligence (curiosity AI) - Curiosity artificial intelligence (curiosity AI) is the simulation of human curiosity in artificial intelligence.
curiosity gap - The curiosity gap is the detection that new and valuable information is available, sparking people’s desire to access it.
currency - Currency is anything that is generally accepted to have value as a medium of exchange so that it can be traded for goods and services.
current - Current is a flow of electrical charge carriers, usually electrons or electron-deficient atoms.
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code - Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes are a uniform medical code set maintained and copyrighted by the American Medical Association and used to describe medical, surgical and diagnostic services.
cursor - A cursor is the position indicator on a computer display screen where a user can enter text.
custom domain name suffix (custom TLD) - A custom domain name suffix, or custom TLD, is a top-level domain (TLD) name that belongs to a single organization.

CON - COS

CUS - WHA