Microsoft

Definitions for Microsoft Windows, including terms about bugs or patches and words and phrases about Microsoft operating systems.

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.NET Framework - .NET Framework is a managed execution environment for Windows that allows software developers to create a software application in one programming language and be assured the app can work with code written in other languages.
active directory - Active Directory (AD) is Microsoft's proprietary directory service.
Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) - Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) is an Active Directory tool that lets administrators customize services in order to issue and manage public key certificates.
Active Directory domain (AD domain) - An Active Directory domain is a collection of objects within a Microsoft Active Directory network.
Active Directory forest (AD forest) - An Active Directory forest is the highest level of organization within Active Directory.
Active Directory functional levels - Active Directory functional levels are controls that specify which advanced Active Directory domain features can be used in an enterprise domain.
Active Directory tree - An Active Directory (AD) tree is a collection of domains within a Microsoft Active Directory network.
ActiveX - ActiveX is a set of object-oriented programming technologies and tools that Microsoft developed for Internet Explorer to facilitate rich media playback.
AppX file - AppX is the application distribution file format that was introduced with Microsoft Windows 8.
Azure Container Instances - Azure Container Instances is a service that enables a developer to deploy containers on the Microsoft Azure public cloud without having to provision or manage any underlying infrastructure.
Azure DevOps - Azure DevOps -- rebranded from Visual Studio Team Services (VSTS) in 2018 -- is a software-as-a service (SaaS) platform from Microsoft designed to provide a comprehensive toolchain for developing and deploying software projects.
Azure HDInsight - Azure HDInsight is a cloud-based service from Microsoft for big data analytics that helps organizations process large amounts of streaming or historical data.
Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) - Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) is a managed container orchestration service based on the open source Kubernetes system, which is available on the Microsoft Azure public cloud.
Azure Migrate - Azure Migrate is a Microsoft service that helps an enterprise assess how its on-premises workloads will perform, and how much they will cost to host, in the Azure public cloud.
Azure Quantum - Azure Quantum is a full-stack cloud service designed to allow users remote access to quantum computers.
Azure Reserved Virtual Machine Instances - Azure Reserved Virtual Machine Instances (RIs) are a type of virtual machine (VM) on the Azure public cloud that a development or IT team can reserve to use in advance.
Azure SQL Data Warehouse - Azure SQL Data Warehouse is a managed Data Warehouse-as-a Service (DWaaS) offering provided by Microsoft Azure.
BitLocker - BitLocker Drive Encryption, or BitLocker, is a Microsoft Windows security and encryption feature.
boot partition - A boot partition is a disk partition responsible for holding Windows system files when booting up Windows.
built-in administrator account - In the Windows operating system, the built-in administrator account -- the first account created when the OS was installed -- has the highest permissions of any profile on the computer system.
CHKDSK (check disk) - CHKDSK (pronounced check disk) is a command that displays a status report for a volume, such as a disk, and can correct any errors found in that volume.
clean architecture - Clean architecture is a software design philosophy that separates the elements of the design into ringed levels.
Client Access Server (CAS) - The Client Access Server (CAS) is a server role that handles all client connections to Exchange Server 2010 and Exchange 2013.
cluster name object (CNO) - A cluster name object (CNO) is an Active Directory computer object linked with the network resource Cluster Name.
cmdlet - A cmdlet -- pronounced 'command-let' -- is a small, lightweight command that is used in the Windows PowerShell environment.
compliance as a service (CaaS) - Compliance as a Service (CaaS) is a cloud service service level agreement (SLA) that specified how a managed service provider (MSP) will help an organization meet its regulatory compliance mandates.
configuration service provider (CSP) - A configuration service provider (CSP) is a component of Windows client operating systems that shows IT professionals device configuration choices and allows them to apply the settings across multiple Windows OSes.
CSV (Cluster Shared Volumes) - CSV (Cluster Shared Volumes) is a feature in Windows Server in which shared disks are concurrently accessible to all nodes within a failover cluster.
data recovery agent (DRA) - A data recovery agent (DRA) is a Microsoft Windows user account with the ability to decrypt data that was encrypted by other users.
diskpart (Disk Partition Utility) - Diskpart is a command line utility in Windows operating systems (OSs) that is used to manage disks, partitions, and volumes.
DOS (disk operating system) - A DOS, or disk operating system, is an operating system that runs from a disk drive.
Dynamic Quorum - Dynamic Quorum is the ability of a cluster to recalculate a quorum as it maintains a working cluster.
Error messages for Windows XP Pro - MS Windows XP Professional Error Messages.
Exchange Online - Exchange Online is the hosted version of Microsoft's Exchange Server messaging platform that organizations can obtain as a stand-alone service or via an Office 365 subscription.
Exchange staged migration - The staged Exchange migration process transfers data and mailboxes from one Exchange server to another, either on-premises or in the cloud.
File Server Resource Manager (FSRM) - File Server Resource Manager is a features set in the File and Storage Services server role that helps admins classify and manage stored data in file servers for data management.
gpresult - Gpresult is a command-line tool that shows the RSoP (Resultant Set of Policy) for a user or computer based on applied Group Policy settings.
Group Policy - Group Policy is a hierarchical infrastructure that allows a network administrator in charge of Microsoft's Active Directory to implement specific configurations for users and computers.
Group Policy Editor (GP Editor) - Group Policy Editor is a tool that helps administrators manage policy settings in Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-ins.
Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) - Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) is a Microsoft Management Console snap-in that provides a graphical user interface that enables Active Directory (AD) administrators to manage Group Policy Objects (GPOs) from one console.
Group Policy Object (GPO) - Microsoft’s Group Policy Object (GPO) is a collection of Group Policy settings that defines what a system will look like and how it will behave for a defined group of users.
Group Policy Preferences - Group Policy Preferences are a set of extensions, introduced in Windows Server 2008, that increase the functionality of Group Policy Objects.
Host OS (host operating system) - A host OS is the software installed on a computer that interacts with the underlying hardware in a computer using virtualization technology.
IO.SYS - IO.SYS is a hidden executable binary file that processes instructions that tell the operating system (OS) how the computer is set up when it is booted or started.
iSCSI Target Server - ISCSI Target Server is a server that lets administrators boot multiple computers to a network from a single operating system image in a central location.
Just Enough Administration (JEA) - Just Enough Administration (JEA) is a PowerShell toolkit designed to help an organization reduce risk by restricting IT administrative rights.
kernel panic - A kernel panic refers to a computer error from which the system's operating system (OS) cannot quickly or easily recover.
kiosk mode (Windows assigned access) - Kiosk mode is specialized function that allows Microsoft Windows to provide a single application for users signing on as guests or generic authorized users while preventing access to other files, data and functionality of the operating system and computer.
legacy platform (legacy operating system) - A legacy platform, also called a legacy operating system, is an operating system (OS) no longer in widespread use, or that has been supplanted by an updated version of earlier technology.
live USB (operating system on a stick) - Windows To Go is a feature of Windows 8 Enterprise edition that allows administrators to put a full blown copy of Windows 8 on an external USB 3.
Local Group Policy Editor - Local Group Policy Editor is a user interface that allows all Local Group Policy objects and their settings to be managed in one place.
MAPI over HTTP (Messaging Application Programming Interface over HTTP) - MAPI over HTTP is the default transport protocol to connect clients to Microsoft Exchange and Exchange Online.
MCITP (Microsoft Certified IT Professional) - An MCITP (Microsoft Certified IT Professional) is a credential that proves that an individual has a complete set of skills required to perform a particular IT job role, such as enterprise or virtualization administrator.
MCSA (Microsoft Certified Solutions Associate) - MCSA (Microsoft Certified Solutions Associate) is a certification program intended for people who seek entry-level jobs in an information technology (IT) environment.

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