2023 year in review: Top tech business topics

Generative AI, ChatGPT and LLMs: Hype vs. reality

Generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), became popular rapidly. Their ability to generate human-quality text, translate languages and create diverse creative content has sparked widespread excitement and speculation.

Generative AI holds the promise of revolutionizing various sectors, including personalized education, real-time translation, advanced assistive technologies and streamlined content creation. LLM chatbots -- such as OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Bard -- can increase access to knowledge, foster cross-cultural communication and empower individuals with disabilities. This potential fuels the hype around these models.

However, LLMs are not without limitations. They inherit biases and errors present in their training data, raising ethical concerns about potential misuse and unintended consequences. They also lack true understanding and reasoning. While they can mimic human communication, they often struggle with genuine comprehension and to apply knowledge in novel situations.

Popular LLMs have undergone major changes during 2023. For example, ChatGPT released GPT-4, which improved accuracy, factual consistency and understanding of complex instructions. Competitor Bard introduced Gemini, which offers more sophisticated reasoning and multimodal understanding.

Learn more about multimodal AI here.

The field of generative AI is experiencing explosive growth and creating new job opportunities across various disciplines. With the rise of powerful models and increasing demand for their applications, expertise in prompt engineering is becoming increasingly valuable.

Some sought-after generative AI jobs include the following:

• Prompt engineers.
• Generative AI developers.
• Artificial intelligence research scientists.
• Content creators.
• Marketing and communication specialists.
• Educators and trainers.

With continued research and development, LLM capabilities will certainly advance, tackling more complex tasks and generating increasingly natural and creative outputs. However, experts emphasize that ethical considerations, responsible development and public awareness are equally crucial.

Silicon Valley Bank collapse: A ripple effect throughout the tech industry

On March 10, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank -- the 16th largest bank in the United States and a crucial financial lifeline for many tech companies -- collapsed after a bank run. This event sent shockwaves through the tech industry, with lasting effects left on businesses and employees.

A combination of factors led to Silicon Valley Bank's downfall:

• Run on deposits. Fueled by anxieties about the bank's financial stability, customers withdrew $42 billion within two days, exceeding its cash reserves.
• Concentrated exposure. A significant portion of Silicon Valley Bank's assets were tied to venture-backed startups, making it vulnerable to fluctuations in the tech market.
• Regulatory shortcomings. Critics argue that inadequate oversight and risk management contributed to the bank's collapse.

The repercussions of Silicon Valley Bank's demise are far-reaching. Numerous startups -- particularly those in the early stages -- faced difficulties securing funding due to limited access to venture capital and traditional bank loans. The remaining banks became more cautious, leading to higher interest rates and stricter loan requirements for tech companies. Some startups were forced to consider mergers, acquisitions or even closure due to financial constraints. As companies struggled to navigate the financial crisis, many were forced to lay off employees, leading to significant job losses in the tech sector.

One of the most immediate and impactful consequences was the disruption to payroll processes for thousands of employees. An immediate effect was felt in delayed payouts, increased workload of payroll administrators, technological challenges in integrating new payroll systems and platforms, and compliance concerns in navigating the complexities of changing payroll systems.

The FTX scam: A multi-billion-dollar collapse

In November 2022, one of the world's largest cryptocurrency exchanges, FTX, collapsed in a matter of days amidst allegations of fraud and mismanagement. Founded by Sam Bankman-Fried, FTX rapidly grew to become a major player in the cryptocurrency space, boasting partnerships with major sports leagues and celebrities. However, its downfall exposed a web of deceit and questionable practices.

Key events and allegations included misuse of customer money, in which FTX allegedly used customer deposits to fund risky investments and prop up its sister company, Alameda Research, a hedge fund also founded by Bankman-Fried. Accounting irregularities also surfaced, creating concerns over FTX's financial reporting, with reports highlighting irregularities and a lack of transparency.

As news of the allegations spread, FTX customers rushed to withdraw their funds, leading to a liquidity crisis and the exchange's eventual collapse. FTX filed for bankruptcy in November 2022, and Bankman-Fried stepped down as CEO. On Nov. 2, 2023, Bankman-Fried was found guilty of seven federal fraud and money laundering charges, with sentencing expected in March 2024.

Beyond FTX, several other high-profile cryptocurrency scams have emerged in recent years, highlighting the need for vigilance and due diligence. Common cryptocurrency scams include Ponzi schemes, rug pull scams, Bitcoin investment schemes and phishing scams.

The Twitter diaries: A year of change in 2023

In July 2023, Twitter underwent a significant rebranding, transitioning from its iconic name to X. This move sparked considerable debate, with some users embracing the change as a symbol of innovation, while others criticized it as unnecessary and confusing.

Under Elon Musk's leadership, Twitter implemented several policy changes in 2023. Some key changes include the following:

• Relaxed content moderation. Twitter's stance on content moderation shifted, allowing for greater freedom of speech and expression, even for controversial figures and opinions. This led to concerns about increased hate speech, misinformation and harassment on the platform.
• Paid verification for all users. In April, Twitter announced that verification would be available to all users with a paid subscription, eliminating the previous system of selective verification based on "notability." This democratized verification but also raised concerns about the potential for impersonation and misinformation.
• Changes to the API. Twitter made significant changes to its API, affecting developers and third-party applications that relied on it. Some developers expressed frustration with the changes, claiming they hindered innovation and limited their ability to build useful tools for the platform.

Elon Musk's leadership and public persona have been central to the controversy surrounding Twitter in 2023. His controversial tweets, pronouncements and business decisions have generated significant buzz and debate both within and outside the Twitter community.

Users have responded to the various changes with a spectrum of reactions. Some users applaud the increased freedom of speech and the democratization of verification, claiming it fosters a more open and inclusive platform. Others express concerns about the potential for abuse, disinformation and the erosion of Twitter's core values. They argue the changes prioritize profit over user safety and well-being. Many users have left the platform for new alternatives such as Threads, a Twitter-like platform offering from Meta.

The future of X remains uncertain. The platform faces challenges in maintaining user trust and balancing content moderation. In addition, the platform needs to develop a profitable business model that doesn't rely solely on advertising, which could further incentivize the spread of disinformation.

The banning of TikTok: Government conflict with tech and AI regulation

The possibility of banning TikTok in the United States has sparked heated debate, raising questions about national security, free speech and the broader relationship between government and technology. This discussion also intersects with broader concerns about AI regulation, highlighting the complex challenges of governing this rapidly evolving field.

Proponents of a ban cite several concerns:

• National security. Some argue that TikTok, owned by the Chinese company ByteDance, poses a security threat due to the potential for data collection and surveillance. They point to China's data privacy laws and its history of intellectual property theft.
• Censorship and propaganda. Critics argue that TikTok might be used to censor content critical of the Chinese government or promote pro-China propaganda.
• Impact on young users. Concerns have been raised about the potential for TikTok's algorithms to promote addictive behavior and expose young users to harmful content.

Opponents of a ban argue that there is no concrete evidence that TikTok has been used to collect data or spread propaganda at the behest of the Chinese government. They also argue that banning the app would set a dangerous precedent for government censorship of online platforms. In addition, a ban could hurt American businesses that rely on TikTok for advertising and marketing as well as deprive users of a popular platform for entertainment and expression.

The debate over TikTok reflects a broader conflict between government and technology companies. Governments are increasingly concerned about the power and influence of these companies, while tech companies resist government regulation and censorship. This conflict has already led to antitrust investigations, data privacy regulations and other attempts to rein in the power of tech giants.

The debate over TikTok also raises questions about the future of AI regulation. As AI technologies become more powerful and pervasive, there is growing concern about the need for regulations to ensure that they are developed and used responsibly. This includes concerns about bias, discrimination and the potential for misuse by governments or other malicious actors.