Internet applications

This glossary contains definitions related to Internet applications, including definitions about Software as a Service (SaaS) delivery models and words and phrases about web sites, e-commerce and cloud computing.

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e-paper (radio paper or electronic paper) - E-paper (sometimes called radio paper or just electronic paper) is a portable, reusable storage and display medium that looks like paper but can be repeatedly written on (refreshed) - by electronic means - thousands or millions of times.
e-procurement (supplier exchange) - Electronic procurement, also known as e-procurement or supplier exchange, is the process of requisitioning, ordering and purchasing goods and services online.
e-ticket (electronic ticket) - An e-ticket (electronic ticket) is a paperless electronic document used for ticketing passengers, particularly in the commercial airline industry.
electronic ink - Electronic ink is a liquid substance, in development at MIT's Media Lab in partnership with a company called E Ink, that responds to electrical impulses to enable changeable text and image displays on a flexible surface.
electronic newspaper - An electronic newspaper is a self-contained, reusable, and refreshable version of a traditional newspaper that acquires and holds information electronically.
email - Email (electronic mail) is the exchange of computer-stored messages by telecommunication.
email archiving - Email archiving is a systematic approach to saving and protecting the data contained in emails to enable fast retrieval.
email spam - Email spam, also known as junk email, refers to unsolicited email messages, usually sent in bulk to a large list of recipients.
email spoofing - Email spoofing is a form of cyber attack in which a hacker sends an email that has been manipulated to seem as if it originated from a trusted source.
emoticon - An emoticon is a short sequence of keyboard letters and symbols, usually emulating a facial expression, that complements a text message.
encoding and decoding - Encoding and decoding are used in many forms of communications, including computing, data communications, programming, digital electronics and human communications.
endpoint reference (EPR) - An endpoint reference (EPR) is a combination of Web services (WS) elements that define the address for a resource in a Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) header.
enterprise app store (enterprise application store) - An enterprise app store is a web portal through which end users can access, download and install corporate-approved software applications.
EOM (end of message) - EOM stands for "end of message.
ERP (enterprise resource planning) - ERP, or enterprise resource planning, is software designed to manage and integrate the functions of core business processes like finance, HR, supply chain and inventory management in a single system.
ESMTP (Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - ESMTP (Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) specifies extensions to the original protocol for sending e-mail that supports graphics, audio and video files, and text in various national languages.
event handler - In programming, an event handler is a callback routine that operates asynchronously once an event takes place.
event-driven architecture (EDA) - An event-driven architecture (EDA) is a framework that orchestrates behavior around the production, detection and consumption of events as well as the responses they evoke.
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) - The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) is a protocol for wireless networks that expands the authentication methods used by the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), a protocol often used when connecting a computer to the internet.
Facebook - Facebook is a social networking website that was founded in February 2004 by Harvard University students Chris Hughes, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, Eduardo Saverin and Mark Zuckerberg.
FastCGI - FastCGI is a programming interface that can speed up Web applications that use the most popular way to have the Web server call an application, the common gateway interface (CGI).
Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) - Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM), formerly called Google Cloud Messaging (GCM), is a free cloud service from Google that allows app developers to send notifications and messages to users across a variety of platforms, including Android, iOS and web applications.
Firefox - Firefox is a Web browser that is smaller, faster, and in some ways more secure than the Netscape browser from which much of its code was derived.
flaming - On the Internet, flaming is giving someone a verbal lashing in public.
FLV file format - FLV is a file format used by Adobe Flash Player and Adobe AIR for storing and delivering synchronized audio and video streams.
Foo Camp - Foo Camp was a gathering of about 200 computer and Internet thinkers and inventors who were invited by publisher O'Reilly and Associates to spend a week-end brainstorming, collaborating, and otherwise advancing progress in information technology.
FpML (Financial Products Markup Language) - Financial Products Markup Language (FpML) is a business information exchange standard based on Extensible Markup Language (XML) that enables business-to-business over-the-counter (OTC) financial derivative transactions using the Internet.
free software - Free software is software that can be freely used, modified, and redistributed with only one restriction: any redistributed version of the software must be distributed with the original terms of free use, modification, and distribution (known as copyleft).
freemail - Freemail is a service that provides free e-mail delivery to anyone in exchange for exposure to advertising on the site where you request your e-mail and, in some cases, for some personal information.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a network protocol for transmitting files between computers over TCP/IP connections.
fuzzy search - A fuzzy search is a process that locates Web pages that are likely to be relevant to a search argument even when the argument does not exactly correspond to the desired information.
gamification - Gamification is the application of game theory concepts and techniques to non-game activities.
gaming - Gaming is the running of specialized applications known as electronic games, especially on machines designed for such programs and, in a more recent trend, using personal computers on the Internet in which case the activity is known as online gaming.
geo-fencing (geofencing) - Geo-fencing is a feature in a software program that uses the global positioning system (GPS) or radio frequency identification (RFID) to define geographical boundaries.
Gmail - Gmail (pronounced Gee-mail) is a free Web-based e-mail service that provides users with a gigabyte of storage for messages and provides the ability to search for specific messages.
Gnutella - Gnutella is a system in which individuals can exchange files over the Internet directly without going through a Web site in an arrangement sometimes described as peer-to-peer (here meaning "person-to-person").
Google Advertising ID - Google Advertising ID is a piece of universally unique identifier code that allows mobile applications running on Android devices to identify users and gather data for the purposes of building profiles.
Google Analytics - Google Analytics is a free web analytics service that provides statistics and analytical tools for search engine optimization (SEO) and marketing purposes.
Google Android 4.4 KitKat - Android 4.4 KitKat is a version of Google's operating system (OS) for smartphones and tablets.
Google App Engine - Google App Engine (GAE) is a platform-as-a-service product that provides web app developers and enterprises with access to Google's scalable hosting and tier 1 internet service.
Google Apps for Business - Google Apps for Business is an email, messaging and content-sharing service provided by Google for small and medium-sized businesses as well as enterprises.
Google Assistant - Google Assistant is Google’s voice assistant AI for Android devices.
Google BigQuery - Google BigQuery is a cloud-based big data analytics web service for processing very large read-only data sets.
Google Bigtable - Google Bigtable is a distributed, column-oriented data store created by Google Inc.
Google Chrome browser - Google Chrome browser is an open source program for accessing the World Wide Web and running Web-based applications.
Google Chrome OS - Google Chrome OS is an open source lightweight operating system (OS).
Google Cloud Composer - Cloud Composer is a managed workflow automation tool that is built on Apache Airflow.
Google Cloud Dataflow - Google Cloud Dataflow is a cloud-based data processing service for both batch and real-time data streaming applications.
Google Cloud Dataproc - Google Cloud Dataproc is a managed service within the Google Cloud Platform for processing large datasets, such as those used in big data initiatives.
Google Cloud Functions - Google Cloud Functions is a serverless, event-driven computing service within Google Cloud Platform.
Google Cloud Key Management Service (KMS) - Google Cloud Key Management Service (KMS) is a cloud service for managing encryption keys for other Google cloud services that enterprises can use to implement cryptographic functions.
Google Cloud operations (formerly Stackdriver) - Google Stackdriver was a monitoring service that provided IT teams with performance data about applications and virtual machines (VMs) running on the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) and Amazon Web Services public cloud.
Google Cloud Spanner - Google Cloud Spanner is a distributed relational database service designed to support global online transaction processing deployments, SQL semantics, horizontal scaling and transactional consistency.
Google Cloud Storage - Google Cloud Storage is an enterprise public cloud storage platform that can house large unstructured data sets.
Google Compute Engine - Google Compute Engine (GCE) is an infrastructure as a service (IaaS) offering that allows clients to run workloads on Google's physical hardware.
Google Docs - Google Docs is a free Web-based application in which documents and spreadsheets can be created, edited and stored online.
Google Drive - Google Drive is a free cloud-based storage service that enables users to store and access files online.
Google Firebase - Google Firebase is a Google-backed application development software that enables developers to develop iOS, Android and Web apps.
Google Glass - Google Glass is a wearable, voice- and motion-controlled Android device that resembles a pair of eyeglasses and displays information directly in the user's field of vision.
Google Hack Honeypot (GHH) - A Google hack honeypot is a system designed to be vulnerable to sophisticated search engine queries for the purpose of attracting hackers and studying their behavior.
Google Hangouts - Google Hangouts is a unified communications service that allows members to initiate and participate in text, voice or video chats, either one-on-one or in a group.
Google Health - Google Health is a personal health record (PHR) service that allows users to centrally store and manage their health information online.
Google I/O - Google I/O is Google's developer conference held annually in San Francisco.
Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) - Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) is a management and orchestration system for Docker containers and container clusters that run within Google's public cloud services.
Google Maps - Google Maps is a Web-based service that provides detailed information about geographical regions and sites around the world.
Google Mobile Services (GMS) - Google Mobile Services (GMS) is a collection of applications and API’s developed by Google that are available for Android devices, such as smartphones and tablets.
Google My Business - Google My Business is a free online business listing service that is integrated with the Google search engine.
Google Pay (Android Pay) - Google Pay is the search company’s electronic wallet and payment service offering.
Google Play (Android Market) - Google Play, formerly known as Android Market, is the official distribution storefront for Android applications and other digital media, such a music, movies and books, from Google.
Google Play Protect - Google Play Protect is a malware protection and detection service built into Android devices that use Google Mobile Services.
Google Play services - The Google Play services app runs in the background on Android devices and gives apps access to core functionalities such as authentication services; it should not be disabled.
Google Preemptible VM - A Preemptible VM (PVM) is a Google Compute Engine (GCE) virtual machine (VM) instance that can be purchased for a steep discount as long as the customer accepts that the instance will terminate after 24 hours.
Google Project Zero - Google Project Zero is a security research unit within Google Inc.
Google Sheets - Google Sheets is a web-based application that enables users to create, update and modify spreadsheets and share the data live online.
Google Street View - Google Street View is a feature of Google Maps that enables users to view and navigate through 360 degree horizontal and 290 degree vertical panoramic street level images of various cities around the world.
Google Transfer Appliance - Google Transfer Appliance is a high-capacity storage server that enables enterprises to transport large volumes of data to Google Cloud Storage.
Google Trends - Google Trends is a free service provided by Google that displays how often specific keywords, subjects and phrases have been searched for on Google over a period of time.
Google Voice - Google Voice allows registered members to link their mobile phones, IP telephony applications and land line phones to a single Google Voice phone number.
Google Wallet - Google Wallet is a mobile payment system developed by Google that allows smartphone users to store debit and credit card information for online and in-store purchases.
Google+ (Google Plus) - Google+ (pronounced Google plus) is Google's social networking platform.
Googlewhacking - Googlewhacking is the challenging pursuit of searching the popular Google search engine with a two-word or more search argument that will produce exactly (no less and no more than) one result.
Gopher - From about 1992 through 1996, Gopher was an Internet application in which hierarchically-organized text files could be brought from servers all over the world to a viewer on your computer.
grid computing - Grid computing is a system for connecting a large number of computer nodes into a distributed architecture that delivers the compute resources necessary to solve complex problems.
hamburger icon (slide drawer navigation) - The hamburger icon got its name because it resembles a burger in a bun.
hard bounce - A hard bounce is an e-mail message that has been returned to the sender because the recipient's address is invalid.
home school - A home school is a school in which parents teach their children an academic curriculum at home instead of sending them out to a public or private school.
Hosted CRM - Hosted CRM is an arrangement in which a company outsources some or all of its customer relationship management (CRM) functions to an application service provider (ASP).
hosting (Web site hosting, Web hosting, and Webhosting) - Hosting (also known as Web site hosting, Web hosting, and Webhosting) is the business of housing, serving, and maintaining files for one or more Web sites.
HTML 5 desktop client - An HTML5 desktop client is a type of remote desktop client that provides an end user with access to a desktop or application through a web browser.
HyperTerminal - HyperTerminal is a communications and terminal emulation program that came with the Windows 98 and Windows XP operating systems.
IDoc (intermediate document) - IDoc (intermediate document) is a standard data structure used in SAP applications to transfer data to and from SAP system applications and external systems.
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) - Internet Message Access Protocol, or IMAP, is a standard email retrieval (incoming) protocol.
Instagram Stories - Instagram Stories is a feature within the Instagram app where users can capture and post related images and video content in a slideshow format.
instant messaging - Instant messaging, often shortened to IM or IM'ing, is the exchange of near real-time messages through a standalone application or embedded software.
Integration as a Service (IaaS) - Integration as a Service (IaaS) is a cloud-based delivery model that strives to connect on-premise data with data located in cloud-based applications.
integration server - An integration server is a type of computer server that facilitates the interaction between different operating systems (OSes), services and applications across an enterprise IT environment.
intelligent agent - An intelligent agent is a program that can make decisions or perform a service based on its environment, user input and experiences.
Interactive Voice Response (IVR) - Interactive Voice Response (IVR) is an automated telephony system that interacts with callers, gathers information and routes calls to the appropriate recipients.
interactivity - In computers, interactivity is the dialog that occurs between a human being (or possibly another live creature) and a computer program.
Internet Explorer (IE) - Internet Explorer (IE) is a World Wide Web browser made by Microsoft for use on its Windows operating system.

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