Artificial intelligence

Terms related to artificial intelligence (AI), including definitions about machine learning and words and phrases about training data, algorithms, natural language processing, neural networks and automation.

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intelligent agent - An intelligent agent is a program that can make decisions or perform a service based on its environment, user input and experiences.
intelligent character recognition (ICR) - Intelligent character recognition (ICR) is the computer translation of manually entered text characters into machine-readable characters.
intelligent process automation (IPA) - Intelligent process automation (IPA) is a combination of technologies used to manage and automate digital processes.
intelligent system - An intelligent system is an advanced computer system that can gather, analyze and respond to the data it collects from its surrounding environment.
intelligent workflow - Intelligent workflow is an orchestration method that integrates analytics, AI, machine learning and automation.
knowledge engineering - Knowledge engineering is a field of artificial intelligence (AI) that tries to emulate the judgment and behavior of a human expert in a given field.
knowledge-based systems (KBS) - A knowledge-based system (KBS) is a form of artificial intelligence (AI) that aims to capture the knowledge of human experts to support decision-making.
labor automation - Labor automation refers to the use of technology to perform specific tasks or jobs traditionally done by humans.
language modeling - Language modeling (LM) is the use of various statistical and probabilistic techniques to determine the probability of a given sequence of words occurring in a sentence.
law of large numbers - The law of large numbers is a principle of probability according to which the frequencies of events with the same likelihood of occurrence even out, given enough trials or instances.
lemmatization - Lemmatization is the process of grouping together different inflected forms of the same word.
lexical ambiguity - Lexical ambiguity is the potential for multiple interpretations of spoken or written language that renders it difficult or impossible to understand without some additional information.
linguistic ambiguity - Linguistic ambiguity is a quality of language that makes speech or written text open to multiple interpretations.
Lisp (programming language) - Lisp, an acronym for list processing, is a functional programming language that was designed for easy manipulation of data strings.
LivePerson - LivePerson is a software as a service (SaaS) provider that develops customer engagement and conversational commerce applications and platforms.
logical equivalence - Logical equivalence is the condition of equality that exists between two statements or sentences in propositional logic or Boolean algebra.
machine learning - Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that allows software applications to become more accurate at predicting outcomes without being explicitly programmed to do so.
machine learning algorithm - A machine learning algorithm is the method by which the AI system conducts its task, generally predicting output values from given input data.
machine learning bias (AI bias) - Machine learning bias is a phenomenon that occurs when an algorithm produces results that are systemically prejudiced due to erroneous assumptions in the machine learning process.
machine learning operations (MLOps) - Machine learning operations (MLOps) is the integration of development/operations (DevOps) and machine learning.
machine teaching - Machine teaching is the emerging practice of infusing context -- and often business consequences -- into the selection of training data used in artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning so that the most relevant outputs are produced by the machine learning algorithms.
machine vision - Machine vision is the ability of a computer to see; it employs one or more video cameras, analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) and digital signal processing (DSP).
machine-to-machine (M2M) - Machine-to-machine, or M2M, is a broad label that can be used to describe any technology that enables networked devices to exchange information and perform actions without the manual assistance of humans.
mechatronics - Mechatronics is a branch of engineering that focuses on designing, manufacturing and maintaining products that have both mechanical and electronic components.
MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) - MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) is a technology invented in the 1950s that's used to verify the legitimacy or originality of checks and other paper documents.
Microsoft Azure Machine Learning - Microsoft Azure Machine Learning is a collection of services and tools intended to help developers train and deploy machine learning models.
mind-brain identity theory - Mind-brain identity theory is a philosophy that purports the mind and brain are the same.
named entity recognition (NER) - Named entity recognition (NER) is a natural language processing (NLP) method that extracts information from text.
narrow AI (weak AI) - Narrow AI is an application of artificial intelligence technologies to enable a high-functioning system that replicates -- and perhaps surpasses -- human intelligence for a dedicated purpose.
natural language generation (NLG) - Natural language generation (NLG) is the use of artificial intelligence (AI) programming to produce written or spoken narratives from a data set.
natural language processing (NLP) - Natural language processing (NLP) is the ability of a computer program to understand human language as it is spoken and written -- referred to as natural language.
natural language query - A natural language query is input that consists solely of terms or phrases spoken normally or entered as they might be spoken, without any non-language characters, such as the plus symbol or the asterisk, and without any special format or alteration of syntax.
natural language understanding (NLU) - Natural language understanding (NLU) is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that uses computer software to understand input in the form of sentences using text or speech.
neural net processor - A neural net processor is a CPU that takes the modeled workings of how a human brain operates onto a single chip.
neuromorphic computing - Neuromorphic computing is a method of computer engineering in which elements of a computer are modeled after systems in the human brain and nervous system.
neurosynaptic chip (cognitive chip) - A neurosynaptic chip, also known as a cognitive chip, is a computer processor that functions more like a biological brain than a typical CPU does.
object recognition - Object recognition is at the convergence points of robotics, machine vision, neural networks and AI.
OCR (optical character recognition) - OCR (optical character recognition) is the use of technology to distinguish printed or handwritten text characters inside digital images of physical documents, such as a scanned paper document.
OpenAI - OpenAI is a private research laboratory that aims to develop and direct artificial intelligence (AI) in ways that benefit humanity as a whole.
over sampling and under sampling - Over sampling and under sampling are techniques used in data mining and data analytics to modify unequal data classes to create balanced data sets.
palm print recognition - Palm print recognition is a biometric authentication method based on the unique patterns of various characteristics in the palms of people’s hands.
pattern recognition - Pattern recognition is the ability to detect arrangements of characteristics or data that yield information about a given system.
perceptron - A perceptron is a simple model of a biological neuron in an artificial neural network.
personalization engine - A personalization engine is a tool used by businesses to collect and analyze customer behavior and data to create a customized user experience -- including special offers, product recommendations and automated marketing efforts -- in an e-commerce setting.
polynomial interpolation - Polynomial interpolation is a method of estimating values between known data points.
prediction error - A prediction error is the failure of some expected event to occur.
predictive modeling - Predictive modeling is a mathematical process used to predict future events or outcomes by analyzing patterns in a given set of input data.
prescriptive analytics - Prescriptive analytics is a type of data analytics that provides guidance on what should happen next.
PyTorch - PyTorch is an open source machine learning (ML) framework based on the Python programming language and the Torch library.
quantum interference - Quantum interference is when subatomic particles interact with and influence themselves and other particles while in a probabilistic superposition state.
recommendation engine - A recommendation engine is a system that gives customers recommendations based upon their behavior patterns and similarities to people who might have shared preferences.
recurrent neural networks - A recurrent neural network (RNN) is a type of artificial neural network commonly used in speech recognition and natural language processing.
reinforcement learning - Reinforcement learning is a machine learning training method based on rewarding desired behaviors and/or punishing undesired ones.
responsible AI - Responsible AI is a governance framework that documents how a specific organization is addressing the challenges around artificial intelligence (AI) from both an ethical and legal point of view.
robo-advisor - A robo-advisor is an artificial intelligence (AI) driven virtual financial advisor.
robot - A robot is a machine designed to execute one or more tasks automatically with speed and precision.
robot economy - The robot economy is a scenario in which most of the labor required to sustain human life is automated.
robotic process automation (RPA) - Robotic process automation (RPA) is a technology that mimics the way humans interact with software to perform high-volume, repeatable tasks.
robotic surgery (robot-assisted surgery) - Robotic surgery is the use of computer technologies working in conjunction with robot systems to perform medical procedures.
robotics - Robotics is a branch of engineering that involves the conception, design, manufacture and operation of robots.
Salesforce Einstein - Salesforce Einstein is an artificial intelligence (AI) technology that has been developed for the Salesforce Customer Success Platform.
self-driving car (autonomous car or driverless car) - A self-driving car (sometimes called an autonomous car or driverless car) is a vehicle that uses a combination of sensors, cameras, radar and artificial intelligence (AI) to travel between destinations without a human operator.
Singularity (the) - In technology, the singularity describes a hypothetical future where technology growth is out of control and irreversible.
Siri - Siri is Apple's virtual assistant for iOS, macOS, tvOS and watchOS devices that uses voice recognition and is powered by artificial intelligence (AI).
smart factory - A smart factory is a highly digitized and connected production facility that relies on smart manufacturing.
smart farming - Smart farming is a management concept focused on providing the agricultural industry with the infrastructure to leverage advanced technology – including big data, the cloud and the internet of things (IoT) – for tracking, monitoring, automating and analyzing operations.
smart machines - A smart machine is a device embedded with machine-to-machine (M2M) and/or cognitive computing technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning or deep learning, all of which it uses to reason, problem-solve, make decisions and even, ultimately, take action.
smart robot - A smart robot is an artificial intelligence (AI) system that can learn from its environment and its experience and build on its capabilities based on that knowledge.
social robot - A social robot is an artificial intelligence (AI) system that is designed to interact with humans and other robots.
soft computing - Soft computing is the use of approximate calculations to provide approximate solutions to complex computational problems.
spatial intelligence - Spatial intelligence is the concept of being able to successfully perceive and derive insight from visual data.
speech analytics - Speech analytics is the process of analyzing voice recordings or live customer calls to contact centers with speech recognition software to find useful information and provide quality assurance.
speech disfluency - A speech disfluency is any disruption in the flow of spoken language that is caused by the speaker.
speech recognition - Speech recognition, or speech-to-text, is the ability of a machine or program to identify words spoken aloud and convert them into readable text.
speech technology - Speech technology is a type of computing technology that enables an electronic device to recognize, analyze and understand spoken word or audio.
stemming - Stemming is the process of reducing a word to its stem that affixes to suffixes and prefixes or to the roots of words known as "lemmas.
structural ambiguity - Structural or syntactic ambiguity is the potential of multiple interpretations for a piece of written or spoken language because of the way words or phrases are organized.
supervised learning - Supervised learning is an approach to creating artificial intelligence (AI), where a computer algorithm is trained on input data that has been labeled for a particular output.
support vector machine (SVM) - A support vector machine (SVM) is a type of deep learning algorithm that performs supervised learning for classification or regression of data groups.
synthetic data - Synthetic data is information that's artificially manufactured rather than generated by real-world events.
target function - A target function, in machine learning, is a method for solving a problem that an AI algorithm parses its training data to find.
telepresence robot - A telepresence robot is a remote-controlled, wheeled device that has wireless internet connectivity.
TensorFlow - TensorFlow is an open source framework developed by Google researchers to run machine learning, deep learning and other statistical and predictive analytics workloads.
truncation error - A truncation error is the difference between an actual and a truncated, or cut-off, value.
Turing Test - A Turing Test is a method of inquiry in artificial intelligence (AI) for determining whether or not a computer is capable of thinking like a human being.
uncanny valley - The uncanny valley is a common unsettling feeling people experience where androids (humanoid robots) and audio/visual simulations closely resemble humans in many respects but are not quite realistic.
unsupervised learning - Unsupervised learning refers to the use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to identify patterns in data sets containing data points that are neither classified nor labeled.
validation set - A validation set is a set of data used to train artificial intelligence (AI) with the goal of finding and optimizing the best model to solve a given problem.
virtual agent - A virtual agent (sometimes called an intelligent virtual agent, virtual rep or chatbot) is a software program that uses scripted rules and, increasingly, artificial intelligence applications to provide automated service or guidance to humans.
visual analytics - Visual analytics is a form of inquiry in which data that provides insight into solving a problem is displayed in an interactive, graphical manner.
voice recognition (speaker recognition) - Voice or speaker recognition is the ability of a machine or program to receive and interpret dictation or to understand and perform spoken commands.
What is a neural network? Explanation and examples - In information technology, an artificial neural network is a system of hardware and/or software patterned after the operation of neurons in the human brain.
What is artificial intelligence (AI)? - Artificial intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems.
What is data science? The ultimate guide - Data science is the process of using advanced analytics techniques and scientific principles to analyze data and extract valuable information for business decision-making, strategic planning and other uses.
What is predictive analytics? An enterprise guide - Predictive analytics is a form of advanced analytics that uses current and historical data to forecast activity, behavior and trends.
workflow automation - Workflow automation is an approach to making the flow of tasks, documents and information across work-related activities perform independently in accordance with defined business rules.
Zipf's Law - Zipf’s Law is a statistical distribution in certain data sets, such as words in a linguistic corpus, in which the frequencies of certain words are inversely proportional to their ranks.

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