Enterprise resource planning (ERP)

Terms related to business, including definitions about project management and words and phrases about human resources, finance and vertical industries.

IND - MUL

industrial automation - Industrial automation is the control of machinery and processes used in various industries by autonomous systems, which may involve robots or computer software.
Industry 4.0 - Industry 4.0, which refers to the fourth industrial revolution, is the cyber-physical transformation of manufacturing.
information - Information is stimuli that has meaning in some context for its receiver.
information asymmetry - Information asymmetry is an imbalance between the knowledge of relevant factors and details between two negotiating parties.
information governance - Information governance is a holistic approach to managing corporate information by implementing processes, roles, controls and metrics that treat information as a valuable business asset.
information lifecycle management (ILM) - Information lifecycle management (ILM) is a comprehensive approach to managing an organization's data and associated metadata, starting with its creation and acquisition through when it becomes obsolete and is deleted.
information rights management (IRM) - Information rights management (IRM) is a discipline that involves managing, controlling and securing content from unwanted access.
information technology (IT) director - An information technology (IT) director is the person in charge of technology within an organization.
initial public offering (IPO) - An initial public offering (IPO) is the event when a privately held organization initially offers stock shares in the company on a public stock exchange.
innovation culture - Innovation culture is an environment that organizations cultivate in order to nurture new, creative thinking and its application.
innovation management - Innovation management is the process of managing an organization's innovation procedure, which helps increase competitive advantage and drives business growth.
innovation manager - An innovation manager fosters the development of new products, services and processes.
insourcing - Insourcing is a business practice in which work that would otherwise have been contracted out is performed in house.
integrated accounting system - An integrated accounting system is a type of software that combines major financial accounting functions into one application.
intellectual property (IP) - Intellectual property (IP) is a term for any intangible asset -- something proprietary that doesn't exist as a physical object but has value.
intelligent transportation system (ITS) - Intelligent transportation system (ITS) is the application of sensing, analysis, control and communications technologies to ground transportation in order to improve safety, mobility and efficiency.
internet metering - Internet metering is a service model in which an internet service provider (ISP) keeps track of bandwidth use and charges users accordingly.
intrapreneur (intrapreneurship) - Intrapreneurs are employees who use entrepreneurial skills and critical thinking to seek out initiatives that could benefit the organization financially.
inventory management - Inventory management is the supervision of noncapitalized assets -- or inventory -- and stock items.
inventory optimization - Inventory optimization (IO) is a strategy for balancing the amount of working capital that's tied up in inventory with service-level goals across multiple stock-keeping units (SKUs).
inventory turns (inventory turnover) - Inventory turns, also referred to as inventory turnover and inventory turnover ratio, are a popular measurement used in inventory management to assess operational and supply chain efficiency.
invitation to tender (ITT) - An invitation to tender (ITT) is the initial step in competitive tendering, in which suppliers and contractors are invited to provide offers for supply or service contracts.
IoT Cloud (Salesforce IoT Cloud) - IoT Cloud is a platform from Salesforce.
IQMS - IQMS introduced one of its newest services, WebIQ, in August 2016.
ISACA - ISACA is an independent, nonprofit, global association that engages in the development, adoption and use of globally accepted information system (IS) knowledge and practices.
IT asset - An IT asset is any company-owned information, system or hardware that is used in the course of business activities.
IT asset management (ITAM) - IT asset management (ITAM) is a set of business practices that combines financial, inventory and contractual functions to optimize spending and support lifecycle management and strategic decision-making within the IT environment.
IT budget (information technology budget) - IT budget encompasses the money spent on information technology systems and services.
IT chargeback system - An IT chargeback system is an accounting strategy that applies the costs of IT services, hardware or software to the business unit in which they are used.
IT consultant - A consultant is an experienced individual in a given field who provides expert advice for a fee.
IT controls - An IT control is a procedure or policy that provides a reasonable assurance that the information technology (IT) used by an organization operates as intended, that data is reliable and that the organization is in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
IT cost structure - IT cost structure is the relationship of different types of costs within a larger IT budget.
IT incident management - IT incident management is an area of IT service management (ITSM) wherein IT teams return a service to normal as quickly as possible after a disruption with as little negative impact on the business as possible.
IT innovation - IT (information technology) innovation in an enterprise is about using technology in new ways, where the result is a more efficient organization and an improved alignment between technology initiatives and business goals.
IT leadership (information technology leadership) - IT leadership (information technology leadership) refers to the senior management in an organization responsible for driving business strategy via IT infrastructure and applications.
IT organization (information technology organization) - An IT organization (information technology organization) is the department within an organization charged with establishing, monitoring and maintaining information technology systems and services, and with strategic planning around current and future IT initiatives.
IT service catalog - An IT service catalog is a list of technology resources and offerings available from the IT service provider within an organization.
IT skills gap (information technology skills gap) - In human resource management, an information technology (IT) skills gap is a mismatch between the capabilities an employer needs to meet business objectives and what the organization's employees know and can do.
IT solution - An information technology (IT) solution is a set of related software programs and/or services that are sold as a single package.
IT strategic plan (information technology strategic plan) - An IT strategic plan outlines a company's technology-enabled business management processes that it uses to guide operations and prioritize business goals.
IT strategy (information technology strategy) - IT strategy (information technology strategy) is a comprehensive plan that outlines how technology should be used to meet IT and business goals.
IT transformation - IT transformation is a complete reassessment and overhaul of an organization's information technology (IT) systems in order to improve the efficiency and delivery in a digital economy.
ITAR and EAR compliance - The International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) and the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) are two important U.
JDA Software - JDA Software is a software and consultancy company that specializes in selling supply chain management products and services to businesses.
just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing) - Just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing) is a production model in which items are created to meet demand, not created in surplus or in advance of need.
Kaizen (continuous improvement) - Kaizen is an approach to creating continuous improvement based on the idea that small, ongoing positive changes can reap significant improvements.
kanban - Kanban is a visual system used to manage and keep track of work as it moves through a process.
keiretsu - In corporate culture, keiretsu refers to a uniquely Japanese form of corporate organization.
key performance indicators (KPIs) - Key performance indicators (KPIs) are quantifiable business metrics that corporate executives and other managers use to track and analyze factors deemed crucial to the success of an organization.
key risk indicator (KRI) - A key risk indicator (KRI) is a metric for measuring the likelihood that the combined probability of an event and its consequence will exceed the organization's risk appetite and have a profoundly negative impact on an organization's ability to be successful.
knowledge management (KM) - Knowledge management is the process by which an enterprise gathers, organizes, shares and analyzes its knowledge in a way that is easily accessible to employees.
labor arbitrage - Labor arbitrage is the practice of searching for and then using the lowest-cost workforce to produce products or goods.
last mile delivery - Last mile delivery is a term used for transportation of merchandise from the nearest distribution hub to the final destination, such as a home or business.
law of diminishing returns - The law of diminishing returns is an economic principle stating that as investment in a particular area increases, the rate of profit from that investment, after a certain point, cannot continue to increase if other variables remain at a constant.
law of unintended consequences - The law of unintended consequences is a frequently-observed phenomenon in which any action has results that are not part of the actor's purpose.
lead scoring - Lead scoring is a methodology used by sales and marketing departments to determine the worthiness of leads, or potential customers, by attaching values to them based on their behavior relating to their interest in products or services.
leadership - Leadership is the ability of an individual or a group of people to influence and guide followers or members of an organization, society or team.
leadership skills - Leadership skills are the strengths and abilities individuals demonstrate that help to oversee processes, guide initiatives and steer their employees toward the achievement of goals.
leadership traits - Leadership traits are the personal qualities that shape effective leaders.
lean management - Lean management is an approach to managing an organization that supports the concept of continuous improvement, a long-term approach to work that systematically seeks to achieve small, incremental changes in processes in order to improve efficiency and quality.
lean manufacturing (lean production) - Lean manufacturing is a methodology that focuses on minimizing waste within manufacturing systems while simultaneously maximizing productivity.
Lean Six Sigma - Lean Six Sigma is a data-driven approach to improving efficiency, customer satisfaction and profits.
lean startup - Lean startup is an approach to building new businesses based on the belief that entrepreneurs must investigate, experiment, test and iterate as they develop products.
lean water spider - Lean water spider, or water spider, is a term used in manufacturing that refers to a position in a production environment or warehouse.
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) - Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, more commonly known as LEED, is an environmentally oriented building certification program run by the U.
letter of intent (LOI) - A letter of intent (LOI) is a written, nonbinding document that outlines an agreement in principle between two or more parties before a legal agreement is finalized.
lights-out management (LOM) - Lights-out management (LOM) is a form of out-of-band management.
limitation of liability clause - A limitation of liability clause is the section in a service-level agreement (SLA) that specifies the amounts and types of damages that each party will be obliged to provide to the other in particular circumstances.
limited liability company (LLC) - A limited liability company (LLC) is a hybrid unincorporated business structure that combines the pass-through tax model of partnerships and sole proprietorships with the protection of individual assets provided by the C corporation.
line card - A line card may be a modular electronic telecommunications switching component on a printed circuit board, or a printed brochure or document that contains the names, descriptions and products that are sold by a third party.
LinkedIn - LinkedIn is a social networking site designed specifically for the business community.
liquidity event - Liquidity events are considered exit strategies in which owners and investors terminate some endeavor to cash in shares and other illiquid investments.
list price - The list price is the stated value for which something is offered for sale through a particular channel such as a showroom, a retail store, a catalog or a retail, wholesale or distributor website.
location intelligence (LI) - Location intelligence (LI) is a business analysis tool capability that enables companies to gather geographic- and location-related data to better understand global, regional and local business trends.
logistics - Logistics is the process of planning and executing the efficient transportation and storage of goods from the point of origin to the point of consumption.
logistics management - Logistics management is the governance of supply chain management functions that helps organizations plan, manage and implement processes to move and store goods.
managed IT service - A managed IT service is an information technology (IT) task provided by a third-party contractor and delivered to a customer.
managerial grid model (The Blake and Mouton Managerial Grid model) - The managerial grid model was developed by Robert R.
manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP) - Manufacturer’s suggested retail price (MSRP) is the price that the maker of a product recommends for it in customer-facing retail stores.
market development funds (MDF) - Market development funds (MDF) are a resource that a vendor grants to its indirect sales channel partners to help the channel with sales and marketing programs.
marketing automation - Marketing automation is a type of software that allows companies to effectively target customers with automated marketing messages across channels including email, websites, social media and text messages to generate sales leads.
marketing-qualified lead (MQL) - A marketing-qualified lead (MQL) is a website visitor whose engagement levels indicate they are likely to become a customer.
mass notification system (MNS) - A mass notification system is a platform that sends one-way messages to inform employees and the public of an emergency.
material requirements planning (MRP) - Material requirements planning (MRP) is a system for calculating the materials and components needed to manufacture a product.
maturity grid (maturity model) - A maturity model is a matrix for evaluating an organization's level of progress towards a goal.
memorandum of understanding (MOU) - A memorandum of understanding (MOU) is a formal agreement that outlines plans for a common line of action between two or more parties.
microsegmentation - Microsegmentation is a security technique that splits a network into definable zones and uses policies to dictate how data and applications within those zones can be accessed and controlled.
Microsoft Intune - Microsoft Intune is a cloud-based unified endpoint management (UEM) tool that aims to help organizations manage the mobile devices employees use to access corporate data and applications, such as email.
Microsoft Operations Framework (MOF) - Microsoft Operations Framework (MOF) is a series of 23 documents that guide IT professionals through the processes of creating, implementing and managing efficient and cost-effective services.
microtargeting - Microtargeting is (also called micro-targeting or micro-niche targeting) is a marketing strategy that uses consumer data and demographics to identify individuals or small groups of like-minded individuals and influence their thoughts or actions.
microtrend - A microtrend is a tendency in the direction of some phenomenon that is fairly pervasive within a given sphere of influence and may only last for a few years, or even months.
mission-critical application - A mission-critical application is a software program or suite of related programs that must function continuously for a business or business segment to be successful.
model-based enterprise - Model-based enterprise (MBE) is an engineering strategy that aims to clarify design intent during the manufacturing process, resulting in better quality of the products, reduced costs and more efficiency.
modeling and simulation (M&S) - Modeling and simulation (M&S) is the use of a physical or logical representation of a given system to generate data and help determine decisions or make predictions about the system.
monolithic - Monolithic, in information technology, means either very large or composed all in one piece, depending on the particular context.
monotasking (single-tasking) - Monotasking, also known as single-tasking, is the practice of dedicating oneself to a given task and minimizing potential interruptions until the task is completed or a significant period of time has elapsed.
monthly recurring revenue (MRR) - Monthly recurring revenue (MRR) is income a company can reliably anticipate every 30 days and one of the key metrics for channel partner companies.
multichannel marketing - Multichannel marketing refers to the practice by which companies interact with customers via multiple channels, both direct and indirect, in order to sell them goods and services.
multilevel marketing (MLM) - Multilevel marketing (MLM) is a business model that involves unsalaried, hierarchical sales teams selling products directly to consumers in conjunction with recruiting additional company sales representatives.
multisourcing (multi-sourcing) - Multisourcing (multi-sourcing) is an approach to outsourcing in which IT operations and technology infrastructure are contracted to a number of vendors, usually in combination with some internally provided elements of information technology.

DIG - INC

NEG - RES